Introducing a child to the world of Flying is SO Rewarding! \rbrProud to be associated with ForeFlight: \rbr\rbrFlight Chops CONTESTS!\rbr\rbrA new contest EVERY month; shared prizes from all our sponsors totalling over $2500!\rbrAND this month thanks to CloudAhoy we have the 1st Flight Chops Debrief Kit with 2 GoPro Hero4 silvers and an intercom audio recording cable. \rbr\rbrI am SUPER stoked to add a prize from my aviation hero Bob Hoover: Flying the Feathered Edge SIGNED collectible prize pack!\rbr\rbrPlease visit for details!\rbr\rbrHuge thanks to Kerry for helping make this happen! \rbrThis flight happened to be during women in aviation week 2016!\rbr\rbr\rbrTropospheric Ducting - details thanks to Kerry \rbrand William Hepburn: Http:\rbr\rbr- caused by temperature & humidity inversions\rbr- warm dry air over cool moist air\rbr- 4 types\rbr\rbr 1. Nighttime Tropo - radiation inversion - most common, caused by radiational cooling @ night, burns off when sun rises\rbr\rbr 2. High Pressure Tropo - subsidence inversion - causes widespread conditions day or night, caused by sinking (subsiding) air aloft\rbr\rbr 3. Frontal Tropo - frontal inversion - ahead of warm fronts & behind cold fronts - usually brief\rbr\rbr 4. Marine Tropo (a.k.a. Lake Effect Tropo in Great Lakes region) - marine inversion - warm dry air advecting over cooler waters, most common in springearly summer\rbr\rbrDucting will often cause false echoes on radar (a.k.a. AP or anomalous propagation).\rbr\rbrTodays ducting was High Pressure Tropo.\rbr\rbr\rbr\rbrIn a typical airmass, the temperature drops as you go up in altitude and the humidity increases. Sometimes, under strong high pressure, along a weather front, or over an ocean or lake, this condition is reversed. The temperature may increase with altitude; this is called a temperature inversion. If a temperature inversion is also accompanied by a corresponding humidity inversion, then we have the necessary conditions for anomalous propagation, or A.P.\rbr\rbrOn this chart (tephigram), we have cool moist air on surface, with milder and much drier air aloft, in this case 10 r.h. We can see the sharp boundary that separates the two airmasses just below 1500 above ground. When VHF radio signals, that would normally head straight out into space, hit this boundary they get bent downwards and run parallel to the ground. This results in extended range and, along with that, the potential for increased interference. \rbr\rbrThis (tropospheric ducting forecast) map highlights the areas where there is a potential for A.P. to develop. In this case, propagation between Ontario and Iowa was possible.\rbr\rbr\rbrAnd here are more links for Kerry: \rbrShes a meteorologist, pilot and awesome photographer. \rbrCheck out her stuff! \rbr\rbr\rbr\rbr\rbr\rbr\rbr\rbr\rbrSponsor Supporter Links:\rbr\rbrBose Aviation\rbr\rbr\rbrThe Finer Points of Flying - Jason Miller: \rbr\rbr\rbriCloth Avionics:\rbr\rbr\rbrScheyden Precision Eyewear\rbr\rbr\rbrCloudAhoy\rbr\rbr\rbrSpectrum Airways Flight Training:\rbr\rbr\rbrAnd thanks to PIVOT case!\rbrGet yours at sportys pilot shop!\rbr\rbrNonin Medical, Inc.\rbr\rbr\rbrHuge thanks to all the Supporters on Patreon! Productions like this wouldnt be possible without your help!\rbrFor those that havent seen it, please check the Flight Chops Patreon page to find out how you can be a part of it!\rbr\rbr\rbr\rbrIf you want to know more about how Patreon works, check out:\rbr\rbr\rbrFlight Chops branding music featured is written and produced by Chris and Rob from Big Honkin Spaceship For all your music and post sound needs, please check them out at:\rbr\rbr\rbr\rbr\rbrFLIGHT CHOPS DISCLAIMER:\rbrI am a weekend warrior private pilot, I fly for fun with no intentions of going commercial. I have had my PPL for over 15 years, but still consider each flight a learning experience - I generally take detailed notes after each flight to remind myself what went well or what I could do to improve.. Having the GoPro cameras to record flights like this is invaluable. I find these self analysis videos very helpful in my constant quest to improve, and am happy to share. Feedback is invited; however, please keep it positive.