India–Pakistan Relations: Past Tensions & Present Realities br "The story begins in 1947, when British India was divided into two nations — India and Pakistan. The partition led to one of the largest mass migrations in human history, marked by widespread violence and deep-rooted animosity."Since then, the two nations have fought four major wars — in 1947, 1965, 1971, and the Kargil conflict in 1999. Most of these were centered around Kashmir, a region both countries claim in full but control in parts.""Despite wars and skirmishes, there have also been moments of diplomacy — including the Simla Agreement (1972) and the Agra Summit (2001).