With Islam, the People of Sudan are Melted into One Melting Pot, and they Live a Dignified and Just Life Under Its Statebr Sudan's population is estimated at 49.4 million, according to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in 2024. Ninety six percent of the population is Muslim, with a small Christian community and individuals following pagan religions. Sudanese society is made up of tribes of Arab, African, and Nubian origins, representing more than 500 ethnic groups. Arabs constitute the dominant ethnic group, comprising 70 of the population, in addition to other ethnic groups, including the Beja, Nuba, Fulani, Geberti, Fur, Masalit, and others.